湖边社【学个词 chasten】chasten - vt. [ T usually passive ，formal ] 惩罚，惩戒；磨炼；抑制;教训
Definition:
transitive verb
1: to correct by punishment or suffering : DISCIPLINE
If he commit iniquity, I will chasten him with the rod of men —2 Samuel 7: 14 (King James Version)
also : PURIFY
2 a: to prune (something, such as a work or style of art) of excess, pretense, or falsity : REFINE
2 b: to cause to be more humble or restrained : SUBDUE
He was chastened by his team's defeat.
Did you know?
If you say you would castigate or chastise someone in order to chasten them, you demonstrate a good knowledge of the origin of chasten—all three verbs derive from the Latin verb castigare, meaning "to punish." (Castigare combines Latin castus, which means "pure" and is the source of English chaste, with the verb agere, meaning "to lead" or "to drive.") Castigate, chastise, and chasten share the sense of "to subject to severe and often physical punishment," but all three verbs are now as likely to refer to a verbal dressing-down as to a physical lesson. Chasten (which arrived in English via Anglo-French chastier) can also be used to mean "to prune of excess, pretense, or falsity." This led to the more general sense of "to make more subdued," although the humility can be imposed by a humiliating situation as easily as by a strict taskmaster.
Synonyms
castigate,chastise,correct,discipline,penalize,punish
Choose the Right Synonym for chasten
PUNISH, CHASTISE, CASTIGATE, CHASTEN, DISCIPLINE, CORRECT mean to inflict a penalty on in requital for wrongdoing.
PUNISH implies subjecting to a penalty for wrongdoing.
punished for stealing
CHASTISE may apply to either the infliction of corporal punishment or to verbal censure or denunciation.
chastised his son for neglecting his studies
CASTIGATE usually implies a severe, typically public censure.
an editorial castigating the entire city council
CHASTEN suggests any affliction or trial that leaves one humbled or subdued.
chastened by a landslide election defeat
DISCIPLINE implies a punishing or chastening in order to bring under control.
parents must discipline their children
CORRECT implies punishing aimed at reforming an offender.
the function of prison is to correct the wrongdoer
Example Sentences
1 chastened the child with five minutes of sitting in the corner
2 the unexpected loss to a second-rate player really chastened the tournament's top-seeded tennis star
3 Those who believed that the Venezuelan opposition's gains in the September 2010 midterm elections would chasten President Hugo Chávez have seen their hopes dashed in the past six weeks. —Christopher Sabatini, Foreign Affairs, 7 Jan. 2011
4 And when a new romance enters the picture, our expectation of eventual conflict starts to feel chastening when what Hers really has in mind is an unremarkably lovely depiction of human beings negotiating a healthy new relationship. —Robert Abele, Los Angeles Times, 6 July 2023
5 At the heart of the Nicomachean Ethics is a claim that remains both edifying and chastening: phronesis doesn’t come that easy.
—Nikhil Krishnan, The New Yorker, 26 June 2023
